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Jakarta, the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia, is a
special territory enjoying the status of a province, consisting of
Greater Jakarta, covering an area of 637.44 square km. Located on
the northern coast of West Java, it is the center of government,
commerce and industry and as such has an extensive communications
network with the rest of the country and the outside world. As
Indonesia's main gateway, the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
serves a growing number of international airlines and domestic
flights. Jakarta is a city of contrasts; the traditional and the
modern, the rich and the poor, the sacral and the worldly, often
stand side by side in this bustling metropolis. Even its population,
gathered from all those diverse ethnic and cultural groups which
compose Indonesia, are constantly juxtaposed as an ever- present
reminder of the national motto; Unity in Diversity.
Finding
its origin in the small early 16th century harbor town of Sunda
Kelapa, Jakarta's founding is thought to have taken place on June
22, 1527, when it was re-named Jayakarta, meaning Glorious
Victory by the conquering Prince Fatahillah from neighboring
Cirebon. The Dutch East Indies Company which captured the town and
destroyed it in 1619, changed its name into Batavia and made it the
center for the expansion of their power in the East Indies. Shortly
after the outbreak of World War II, Batavia fell into the hands of
the invading Japanese forces who changed the name of the city into
Jakarta as a gesture aimed at winning the sympathy of the
Indonesians. The name was retained after Indonesia achieved
national independence after the war's end.
The ethnic
Jakartan called "Orang Betawi" speaks Betawi Malay, spoken as well
in the surrounding towns such as Bekasi and Tangerang. This language
has two variations: the conventional Betawi Malay and the modern
Jakarta Malay. While the first is spoken by the elder people, born
and bred in Jakarta, the second is spoken by the younger generation
and migrants.
Jakarta's architecture reflects to a large
extent the influx of outside influences which came and has remained
in this vital seaport city. The Taman Fatahillah Restoration
Project, begun in the early 1970s has restored one of the oldest
sections of Jakarta also known as Old Batavia to approximately its
original state.
The old Portuguese Church and warehouse have
been rehabilitated into living museums. The old Supreme Court
building is now a museum of fine arts which also houses part of the
excellent Chinese porcelain collection of former Vice President Adam
Malik. The old Town Hall has become the Jakarta Museum, displaying
such rare items as Indonesia's old historical documents and Dutch
period furniture.
Its tower clock was once returned to
England to be repaired under its lifetime guarantee, which up to now
has already lasted hundreds of years.
One of the most
interesting tourist attractions is the "Beautiful Indonesia in
Miniature Park" popularly called "Taman Mini". Built to portray the
variety of cultures found within the many islands contained in the
Republic of Indonesia, this open-air museum comprises the many
architectural forms of arts and traditions of all 27 provinces. It
is proof of the country's motto of Unity in Diversity as well as
Freedom of Religion depicted in the houses of worship built on the
grounds.
Jakarta has preserved its past and is developing for
the future. Skyscrapers in the center of the city are part of a new
look.
Modern luxury hotels today cater to the discriminating
visitors. Transport within the city is plentiful. It should be noted
that museums are open daily from 8.00 a.m. (except Mondays) till
2.00 p.m. on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays and Sundays. On Fridays
closing hour is 11.00 a.m. and on Saturdays at 1.00
p.m. |
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PLACES OF INTEREST |
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The National Monument The
National Monument, or "Monas" as it is popularly called, is
one of the monuments built during the Sukarno era of fierce
nationalism. It stands for the people's determination to
achieve freedom and the crowning of their efforts in the
Proclamation of Independence in August 1945. The 137-meter
tall marble obelisk is topped with a flame coated with 35 kg.
of gold. The base houses a historical museum and a hall for
meditations. The monument is open to the public and upon
request the lift can carry visitors to the top which offers a
bird's eye view on the city and the sea. |
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Central Museum Established in
1778 by U.M.C. Rademacher under the auspices of the Batavia
Association of Arts and Sciences, it offers historical,
prehistorical, archaeological and ethnographic aspects of
Indonesia through its extensive collection of artifacts and
relics which date as far back as to the Stone Age. It has one
of the most complete collections of bronzes and ceramics
dating back to the Han, Tang and Ming Dynasties. The Museum
has one of the finest numismatic collections in the world,
including cloth and money which was used on several islands
until recently. The religious art section is filled with
statuary and sculpture salvaged from sites of Hindu, Buddhist
and Islamic edifices. Its collection of cultural instruments,
household utensils, arts and crafts provide an introduction to
the life of the various ethnic groups which populate
Indonesia. This museum is popularly known as Gedung Gajah or
"Elephant Building" because of the stone elephant offered by
King Chulalongkorn of Thailand in 187 1, placed on the front
lawn of the building. |
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Indonesia in Miniature Park An
extensive park to get a glimpse of the diverseness of the
Indonesian archipelago, it represents Indonesia's 27 provinces
and their outstanding characteristics, reflected most
strikingly in the exact regional architecture of the province.
It has its own orchid garden in which hundreds of Indonesian
orchid varieties are grown. There is also a bird park with a
walk-in aviary, a fauna museum and recreational grounds with a
swimming pool and restaurants. Of special
interest here at Taman Mini is the Museum Indonesia. A richly
decorated building in Balinese architecture, it houses
contemporary arts, crafts and traditional costumes from the
different regions of the country.
Open from 9.00 a.m.
to 4.00 p.m. daily |
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"Theater Imax Keong Emas" (Golden Snail
Theater)
Located in the Taman Mini is
the Imax theater which presents "Beautiful Indonesia" on a
gigantic screen using the latest Imax system.
Open from
11.00 am - 5.00 pm. |
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Jaya Ancol Dreamland This is
Jakarta's largest and most popular recreation park. It is
built on reclaimed beach land at the Bay of Jakarta, having,
sea and freshwater aquariums, swimming pools, an artificial
lagoon for fishing, boating, bowling, an assortment of
nightclubs, restaurants, a steam-bath and massage
parlors. Daily shows are held at the Aquarium
where dolphins and sea lions perform. The Ancol complex
includes a Marina, Dunia Fantasi (Fantasy Land), a golf
course, hotels and a drive-in theater. The "Pasar Seni" or art
market has a varied collection of Indonesian handicraft,
paintings and souvenirs on sale. At a nearby
open-air theater art performances are held using the local
dialect. |
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Fantasy Land A recent addition
to Jakarta's growing recreation facilities is the Fantasy
Land, a 9.5 hectares (23.75 acres) entertainment park located
inside the Ancol Dreamland. Planned to eventually become a
part of a 200-hectares (500-acres) park designed to usher the
visitors into the fascinating world of modern science and
technology, the present facility takes them on an imaginative
tour of Old Jakarta, Africa, America, Indonesia, Europe, Asia
and the Palace of Dolls. Each of the areas is designed to give
the visitor a feel of the region he is visiting through
features and architecture of the area at a certain period of
its history and by the use of animated puppets in the Palace
of Dolls. The park also offers a number of
restaurants and souvenir shops. |
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The Marina Jaya Ancol This is a
special port for yachts, motor and sail boats, the port of
departure for Pulau Seribu and the scattered islands in the
Bay of Jakarta. This is also the place for marine recreation
and sports where each facility is amply provided; water
cycles, canoes, sail boats, fishing gear and many others.
Stalls along the beach serve drinks and snacks while tents are
available for sunbathers and sea lovers. |
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Jalan Surabaya This street is
located in one of the city's better residential areas known
for its flea market. Stalls offer a wide range of goods, some
of them antiquities, including ornate lamps, porcelain,
brass-ware, handicrafts, Bargaining is necessary, including
the skill to distinguish authenticity from
imitations. |
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Jakarta Museum Completed in
1627, the building initially served as the Dutch East Indies
Company's Town Hall. Additions and renovations including a
stone gate, offices and renovations were added between 1705
and 1715. The known Indonesian hero, Diponegoro, was said to
have been imprisoned in its dungeon before his exile to South
Sulawesi. The building was used as military
barracks and offices when the Jakarta City Administration
decided in the early 1970s to make it the focus of a
restoration plan of old Batavia. Now a museum, it provides the
historical background of Jakarta through displays of old maps
and antiquities including furniture and porcelain used by the
Dutch rulers of Batavia, plus a 16th century Portuguese cannon
which stand across the cobblestone square. |
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Sunda Kelapa Sunda Kelapa,
better known as Pasar Ikan (meaning fish market) is located at
the mouth of the Ciliwung river. It was formerly the harbor
town of Sunda Kelapa where the Portuguese traded with the
Hindu Kingdom of Pajajaran in the early 16th
century. The fish catch of the day was
auctioned in the early morning at the old fish market. The
street leading to it was lined with shops selling all sorts of
shells, dehydrated turtles, lobsters and mostly everything the
seafarer might need. Dutch domination of
Jakarta and the rest of Indonesia began from this area,
whereas the remnants of Kasteel Batavia, an old fort and
trading post of the Dutch East Indies Company can still be
seen now. Sunda Kelapa is at present a fisherman's wharf and
an interisland port. Tall masted Bugis schooners from South
Sulawesi anchoring there offer a picturesque scene. They
belong to one of the last-fleets of sail boats in the world
and still ply the seas between the islands, as they did
centuries ago, carrying merchandise. |
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T.I.M. Art Center The focal
point of cultural activities in Jakarta is the Jakarta Art
Center, known as Taman Ismail Marzuki or TIM in short. It is
said to be the largest of its kind in Southeast Asia and
consists of exhibition halls, theaters, an academy of arts, an
archives building and a planetarium. A monthly programme of
events, available at hotel counters, includes exhibitions,
plays, musical and poetry recitals, dance performances, folk
art and drama from the various regions of
Indonesia. |
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Pulau Seribu This group of
islands in the Jakarta Bay offers a haven away from the bustle
of city life. There are golden beaches fringed with coconut
palms. The surrounding waters are a paradise for skin divers.
They are filled with a myriad of tropical fish which live
among the multicolored corals. The islands can be reached from
Tanjung Priok or Pasar Ikan (Sunda Kelapa) by ferry or by
chartered boat. Some of the islands in this group developed
for tourism are Pulau Bidadari, Pulau Ayer, Pulau Laki and
Pulau Putri. Pulau Tanjung near Putri has an airstrip. There
are cabins for hire, having fresh water on Pulau Air and Pulau
Bidadari only. The Pulau Putri Paradise Co. has developed
Pulau Putri, Pulau Melintang, Pulau Petondan and Pulau Papa
Theo as a holiday resort with cottages, restaurants, diving
and sailing facilities. Contact addresses for visits to the
islands |
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Pulau Putri, Pulau Pelangi, Pulau Perak, Pulau
Melintang PT. Pulau Seribu Paradise, Jl.
KH. Wahid Hasyim 69, Jakarta. Phone: (021) 348533, 335535,
Fax: (021) 344039 |
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Pulau Petondan, Pulau Papa Theo
Jl. M.H. Thamrin Jakarta. Phone: (021) 320807,
320982 |
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Pulau Bidadari PT. Seabreeze,
Marina Ancol Reservation. Phone: (021) 680048, 683173,
683996 |
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Pulau Ayer PT. Sarotama Bumi
Perkasa, Jl. Ir. H. juanda 111/6, Jakarta 10120. Phone: (021)
342031, 370708, 683996 |
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Pulau Kotok Kalpataru Resort,
Duta Merlin Shopping Arcade Phone: (021)
362948 |
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Pulau Sepa Thousand Island
Resort and During Centre, Jl. Kalibesar Barat Phone:
(021) 678828, 679885 |
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Pulau Pantara (Pulau Hantu) PT. Pantara
Wisata jaya, Room 6/7 Hotel Borobudur Int, Jl. Lapangan
Banteng Selatan, Jakarta. Phone: (021) 370108 Ext. 76085,
76086, Direct line: (021) 3805017,3808426,
3808427 |
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Pulau Rambut, Pulau Bokor
P.H.P.A. Dinas Kehutanan DKI Jakarta,Jl. Rasuna Said,
Kuningan, Jakarta. Phone: (021) 5201422 |
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Taman Ria Remaja Senayan Located
at jalan Pintu VIII Senayan, this Park has a beautiful lake
for boating, canoeing and boat cycling. Other facilities for
children are among others mini cars, trains and a
merry-go-round. Evening entertainment include live musical
bands and popular local comedies. Open daily
from 4.00 pm - 10.00 pm, Saturday to midnight; Sundays and
holidays from 08.00 am - 22.00 pm. |
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Ragunan Zoo Jakarta's zoo is
situated in the suburb of Ragunan in the southern part of the
city. Laid out in a lush tropical setting, such indigenous
animals as the Komodo lizard, tapir, anoa, Java tiger,
banteng, wild ox and brightly colored birds are given ample
room to be in this green foliage. Open dally
from 8.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. The zoological garden is most
crowded on Sunday and public holidays. |
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The Wayang Museum This puppetry
museum on the western side of Taman Fatahillah in "The Old
Town" area has displays of wayang puppets from all parts of
Indonesia and some from other parts of Southeast Asia as
well. The wooden and leather puppets displayed
here represent the finest craftsmanship in this particular
form of traditional theater. The museum also shows shortened
performances of the wayang kulit leather puppets every Sunday
morning. |
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Bird Market (Pasar Burung) If
you are interested to buy tropical birds there is the pasar
burung (Bird Market) at jalan Pramuka with its colorful and
rich varieties of attractive, lovable birds highlighted by the
unique "perkutut" song bird, the pride of the Javanese
people. Open daily from 9.00 am. It is
advisable to go with an Indonesian speaking person for better
communication. |
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Satria Mandala Museum This
central museum of the Armed Forces displays exhibits on
progress in the development of the Indonesian Armed Forces,
its role in the struggle for the nation's independence, and
other military relics. Open daily except
Mondays. |
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Lubang Buaya Heroes Monument
Situated in the southeast of the city about 20 km from
downtown, it is a memorial park dedicated to the six army
generals and one army officer who were slain on October 1,
1965, in an abortive communist inspired coup d'etat. The
centerpiece is the Pancasila Monument with statues of the
seven heroes, standing near the old well in which their bodies
were thrown after having been tortured and executed by
communist militia squads. |
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Textile Museum This museum
displays various textiles from all over the country, from
hand-woven cotton, silk and batiks, as well as, of ancient or
contemporary productions. |
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Maritime Museum Two warehouses
are the only ones left, which were of the first trading post
and port of the Dutch East Indies Company in Java. They now
house the Maritime Museum. The old harbormaster's tower stands
nearby. Open from 8.00 a.m. till 2.00 p.m. on Tuesdays
Wednesday, Thursday and Sunday. On Fridays closed at 11.00
a.m. and on Saturday at 1.00 p.m. It closes on
Monday. |
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Museum Komodo Built in the form
of the Varanus Komodiensis (the only prehistoric giant lizard
found exclusively on Indonesia's Komodo Island), it exhibits
dioramas depicting the fauna of insects and wild animals.
Located at Taman Mini and open daily from 8.00 -
15.00. |
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Portuguese Church Situated in
downtown Jakarta is the Portuguese Church, built between 1693
and 1696 for the Portuguese speaking people of Batavia.
Although rather plain from the outside, its interior is quite
impressive with its baroque pulpit and organ. |
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Parliament Building This
strikingly modern building on jalan Gatot Subroto is the
parliament where at least once in every five years, the
People's Consultative Assembly (the National Congress) holds
its sessions. When not in session, visitors are allowed in but
permission must be obtained in advance. |
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Perintis Kemerdekaan Building and the Soekarno -
Hatta Monument. Both are located at jalan
Proklamasi 56, on the site of the former residence of the late
President Soekarno where the nation's Independence was
proclaimed. By the Perintis Kemerdekaan Building stands the
Soekarno-Hatta Monument, in commemoration of the nation's
first President and Vice President, who together proclaimed
Independence on behalf of the Indonesian people. Open daily
from 8.00 a.m. |
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Orchid Gardens Some of the most
exotic orchids come from Indonesia. Several commercial orchid
gardens are open to the public, the best known of them is
located at Slipi and Taman Mini. |
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Condet This village in southern
Jakarta is a protected area where the old rural life style of
Jakarta is preserved. Condet is also famed for its fruit
orchards. |
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Museum Perangko The Stamps
Museum at Taman Mini has an attractive collection of stamps
once issued in the country over the years. The museum is ideal
for philatelists. Open daily except Monday, from 08.00 -
15.00. |
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Indonesia Jaya Crocodile Park
This park in Pluit, North Jakarta has about 700 crocodiles of
all sizes and ages. It offers regular shows, usually taking
their themes from popular Indonesian folk
tales. |
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Shopping Hints Handicraft from
all over Indonesia. Batiks, jewelry, electronic and
photographic equipment, garments made to order and local
herbal
cosmetics. | | |
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